Imperial
Palace Dishes
Imperial Palace dishes orginated from dishes cooked
for the imperial family by the imperial kitchen. Imperial cuisine
was developed on the basis of Shandong cuisine and later Islamic
pastry and Tibetan dishes were included.
The Cuisine is characterised by its strictness in selecting
ingredients. For example duck dishes must be made of Peking duck,
mutton dishes must be made of black trotter or black-and-white
faced sheep. It also emphasised on season food: instant-boiled
mutton is consumed at the beginning of autumn, spring roll at the
beginning of spring and shrimp in the summer. Quick frying is used
to keep flavour, tenderness and no extra juice in their dishes.
Vegatarian
Dishes
Vegetarian cuisine has a long history and a high place
in Chinese cuisine. Its main ingredients are green leaved
vegetables, fruit, mushrooms, bean curd and vegetable oil, which
are not only tasty and nutritious but also easy easy to digest and
anti-cancer effect.
Major dishes include Vegetarian Chicken, Sauced Meat
made of Bean Curd, Vegetarian Pork, Assorted Bean Curd, Mushroom
with Gluten, Hot and Sour Slices, Vegetarian Prawn, Fish with
Chiese Toon and Little Tender Meat.
Medicinal
Dishes
Medicinal diet is an important component of Chinese
culinary art. The five flavours of food, namely salty, sour,
sweet, bitter and pungent, if applied appropriately in meal, would
be conducive to one's health and longevity. Drawing from the
theory of traditional Chinese medicine and pharmacy, Chinese
culinary masters have found a scientific way for diet therapy with
proper cooking.
Well-known dishes are Chicken Egg in Lilly Soup,
Shrimp Slices with Pearl Powder, Tianfu-style Carp, Braised Duck
Seasoned with Soysauce and Dried Tangerine Peel, Steamed Bun with
Minced Meat and Tuckahoe Stuffing.
Jiaozi
(Dumpling)
Jiaozi or dumpling is a traditional and popular food
with a long history in China. There is a popular saying in China:
"There is nothing more delicious than Jiaozi." so you
could imagine how much Chinese love it.
In
the later years of Eastern Han Period, an official called Zhang
Zhongjing created a kind of food to help poor people keep warm in
cold winter. It was made with all kinds of fillings such as
mutton, hot pepper and some medicinal materials. Afterwards people
began to make dumplings as well.
Jiaozi
is the food that will no doubt appear on tables during Spring
Festivals. Generally, people prepare it before midnight on the
last day of the passing lunar year and eat it after the New Year's
bell is sounded.
Jiaozi
looks like shoe-shaped gold and silver ingots so when people eat
it during festivals they really hope it could bring fortune and
good luck to them, and this, of course, is their best wishes.
Sometimes people will add some sweets, Chinese dates and chestnuts
in fillings of some dumplings to express their wishes. They hope
those who get sweets could have a sweeter life. Those who get
dates and chestnuts could have babies early, because dates (Zao),
are homonymic with early in Chinese, so are chestnuts (Zhenzi). Zi
is homonymic with children.
Today
Jiaozi has already become an important part of Chinese cuisine.
Cantonese
Cuisine
An
emphasis on preserving the natural flavor of the food is the
hallmark of Cantonese cuisine. A Cantonese chef would consider it
a culinary sin of the highest order to produce a dish that was
overcooked or too heavily seasoned. Not surprisingly, many dishes
are stir-fried or steamed - both these cooking methods allow foods
to retain their natural taste.
When
it comes to ingredients, Cantonese cooks are fortunate in living
in an area with abundant rainfall and a tropical climate. Seafood
- including fish and shellfish, tropical fruit, rice and a wide
array of vegetables are readily available. The Cantonese believe
it is paramount that these be as fresh as possible. I was reminded
of this recently while shopping at an Asian market. The vendor
took great pride in demonstrating the freshness of the ling cod -
killed a mere three hours earlier - by pointing out that you could
still see its heart beating. However, the Cantonese are also very
inventive, and happy to incorporate non-native ingredients in
their cooking. Artistic presentation and garnishing are also very
important.
What
type of dishes epitomize Cantonese cuisine? Beef with Oyster Sauce
is a typical Chinese dish, as are Fried Rice and Steamed Chicken.
Fish is eaten frequently; shellfish are also popular. Steamed sea
bass, stir-fried garoupa, and Lobster Cantonese are all well-known
Cantonese dishes. Shark's fin soup is another delicacy. Vegetable
dishes reflect the wide variety and seasonality of what is
available.
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